blockchain - 概念，安装ipfs setup ipfs on linux server
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refer to:
https://docs.ipfs.tech/how-to/
https://docs.ipfs.tech/install/server-infrastructure/#create-a-local-cluster
什么是IPFS?
ipfs: 是一个类似于 百度网盘一样的东西， 大家都可以上传文件。 全世界有好多个节点（例如100W个）。 东西存放在哪里，并不清楚，只要知道我们可以随时使用就可以了
https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/
上面的网址，是一个专门查看IPFS资料的入口。
使用方式：
https://cloudflare-ipfs.com/ipfs/bafybeigsn4u4nv4uyskxhewakk5m2j2lluzhsbsayp76zh7nbqznrxwm7e/
入口 + ipfs_cid 方式，就可以查看了。例如：
安装 ipfs cluster
1. cd /opt/app
wget https://dist.ipfs.tech/ipfs-cluster-ctl/v1.0.2/ipfs-cluster-ctl_v1.0.2_linux-amd64.tar.gz
2. tar zxvf ipfs-cluster-ctl_v1.0.2_linux-amd64.tar.gz
ipfs-cluster-ctl/LICENSE ipfs-cluster-ctl/LICENSE-APACHE ipfs-cluster-ctl/LICENSE-MIT ipfs-cluster-ctl/README.md ipfs-cluster-ctl/ipfs-cluster-ctl
3. cd /opt/app/ipfs-cluster-ctl
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ipfs/ipfs-cluster/v1.0.2/docker-compose.yml
建议跳过上面的wget方式，直接使用这个现成的yml:
version: '3.4'
services:
ipfs0:
container_name: ipfs0
image: ipfs/go-ipfs:latest
ports:
- "4001:4001" # ipfs swarm - expose if needed/wanted
- "5001:5001" # ipfs api - expose if needed/wanted
- "8080:8080" # ipfs gateway - expose if needed/wanted
volumes:
- ./compose/ipfs0:/data/ipfs
cluster0:
container_name: cluster0
image: ipfs/ipfs-cluster:latest
depends_on:
- ipfs0
environment:
CLUSTER_PEERNAME: cluster0
CLUSTER_SECRET: ${CLUSTER_SECRET} # From shell variable if set
CLUSTER_IPFSHTTP_NODEMULTIADDRESS: /dns4/ipfs0/tcp/5001
CLUSTER_CRDT_TRUSTEDPEERS: '*' # Trust all peers in Cluster
CLUSTER_RESTAPI_HTTPLISTENMULTIADDRESS: /ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/9094 # Expose API
CLUSTER_MONITORPINGINTERVAL: 2s # Speed up peer discovery
ports:
# Open API port (allows ipfs-cluster-ctl usage on host)
- "127.0.0.1:9094:9094"
# The cluster swarm port would need to be exposed if this container
# was to connect to cluster peers on other hosts.
# But this is just a testing cluster.
# - "9095:9095" # Cluster IPFS Proxy endpoint
# - "9096:9096" # Cluster swarm endpoint
volumes:
- ./compose/cluster0:/data/ipfs-cluster
4. sudo docker-compose up
首次运行会报错，或者直接 docker-compose的output会退出（此时docker ps 还是能看到进程还在的）
不要紧。
sudo docker-compose down 之后，再 up 一下，就可以看到了：
cluster0 | 2022-09-03T09:58:53.726Z INFO crdt go-ds-crdt@v0.3.6/set.go:122 Tombstones have bloomed: 0 tombs. Took: 1.206637ms ..... ipfs2 | Swarm announcing /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001 ipfs2 | Swarm announcing /ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/4001/quic ipfs2 | Swarm announcing /ip4/172.21.0.3/tcp/4001 ipfs2 | Swarm announcing /ip4/172.21.0.3/udp/4001/quic ipfs2 | API server listening on /ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/5001 ipfs2 | WebUI: http://0.0.0.0:5001/webui ipfs2 | Gateway (readonly) server listening on /ip4/0.0.0.0/tcp/8080 ipfs2 | Daemon is ready
5. 测试一下：
./ipfs-cluster-ctl peers ls
12D3KooWJVr1aKmU63ZFyEr2NBbWDjfRfPLmXH6hYsEhd56qM1Gf | cluster0 | Sees 2 other peers
> Addresses:
- /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/9096/p2p/12D3KooWJVr1aKmU63ZFyEr2NBbWDjfRfPLmXH6hYsEhd56qM1Gf
- /ip4/172.21.0.7/tcp/9096/p2p/12D3KooWJVr1aKmU63ZFyEr2NBbWDjfRfPLmXH6hYsEhd56qM1Gf
> IPFS: 12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/127.0.0.1/udp/4001/quic/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/145.40.96.233/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWEGeZ19Q79NdzS6CJBoCwFZwujqi5hoK8BtRcLa48fJdu/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/145.40.96.233/tcp/4002/ws/p2p/12D3KooWEGeZ19Q79NdzS6CJBoCwFZwujqi5hoK8BtRcLa48fJdu/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/172.21.0.4/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/172.21.0.4/udp/4001/quic/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/34.230.76.95/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWGSTktoeDZ1u59v9aynwgUpipskYjXhW89jZTvTbL7NUy/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip4/34.230.76.95/udp/4001/quic/p2p/12D3KooWGSTktoeDZ1u59v9aynwgUpipskYjXhW89jZTvTbL7NUy/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip6/2604:1380:4601:bf00::3/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWEGeZ19Q79NdzS6CJBoCwFZwujqi5hoK8BtRcLa48fJdu/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip6/2604:1380:4601:bf00::3/tcp/4002/ws/p2p/12D3KooWEGeZ19Q79NdzS6CJBoCwFZwujqi5hoK8BtRcLa48fJdu/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip6/64:ff9b::22e6:4c5f/tcp/4001/p2p/12D3KooWGSTktoeDZ1u59v9aynwgUpipskYjXhW89jZTvTbL7NUy/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
- /ip6/64:ff9b::22e6:4c5f/udp/4001/quic/p2p/12D3KooWGSTktoeDZ1u59v9aynwgUpipskYjXhW89jZTvTbL7NUy/p2p-circuit/p2p/12D3KooWNYBzSDtPeQrdNMGdiYfzdCwCy15F8PVNNZ7P19VZgPgB
添加一个文件：
wget https://files.sweetysoft.com/image_after_2022_06_30/4390/cake.JPG
./ipfs-cluster-ctl add cake.JPG
added QmSkFCXoTamt9fJDxdiRU8EEsvBrT3zw8FFL5zvok2VyyB cake.JPG
./ipfs-cluster-ctl status
QmSkFCXoTamt9fJDxdiRU8EEsvBrT3zw8FFL5zvok2VyyB:
> cluster1 : PINNED | 2022-09-03T10:07:35Z | Attempts: 0 | Priority: false
> cluster2 : PINNED | 2022-09-03T10:07:35Z | Attempts: 0 | Priority: false
> cluster0 : PINNED | 2022-09-03T10:07:35Z | Attempts: 0 | Priority: false
看一下docker ps :
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 38348ac7940c ipfs/ipfs-cluster:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 13 seconds 127.0.0.1:9094->9094/tcp, 9095-9096/tcp cluster0 899ceac01694 ipfs/ipfs-cluster:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 14 seconds 9094-9096/tcp cluster2 9f7ceb813258 ipfs/ipfs-cluster:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 13 seconds 9094-9096/tcp cluster1 5ea79f07e8f2 ipfs/go-ipfs:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 14 seconds (health: starting) 4001/tcp, 5001/tcp, 8080-8081/tcp, 4001/udp ipfs0 5c53d3ccbb18 ipfs/go-ipfs:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 14 seconds (health: starting) 4001/tcp, 5001/tcp, 8080-8081/tcp, 4001/udp ipfs1 d5d49cca892f ipfs/go-ipfs:latest "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…" 11 minutes ago Up 15 seconds (health: starting) 4001/tcp, 5001/tcp, 8080-8081/tcp, 4001/udp ipfs2
根据 docker log, 我们可以知道，有 ipfs cluster 运行在了docker 的 5001端口，该docker app映射到了 host 的9094, 9095, 9096端口。
所以我们访问：curl localhost:9094/webui
{"code":404,"message":"not found"}
就说明它一定是运行好了。
安装ipfs cli
wget https://dist.ipfs.tech/kubo/v0.15.0/kubo_v0.15.0_linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf kubo_v0.15.0_linux-amd64.tar.gz kubo/
cd kubo/
sudo bash install.sh
ipfs gateway
gateway会自动的跑起来。跑在本地的8080端口
ipfs init
generating ED25519 keypair...done peer identity: 12D3KooWAGyrZSCiGpVqPEH5tBAt8opu7rXhJWnkYMsxbzUo1xTc initializing IPFS node at /home/ubuntu/.ipfs
ipfs add cat.jpg
added QmbWqxBEKC3P8tqsKc98xmWNzrzDtRLMiMPL8wBuTGsMnR cat.jpg 116.96 KiB / 116.96 KiB [=========================================================================================================================================================] 100.00%
然后就可以在浏览器中查看了：
ipfs 文件的类型：
如何根据CID查看IPFS的文件夹结构：
curl -s "https://ipfsgate.test-ddns.com/api/v0/ls?arg=bafybeigsn4u4nv4uyskxhewakk5m2j2lluzhsbsayp76zh7nbqznrxwm7e"
或者：
curl -s "https://ipfsgate.test-ddns.com/api/v0/ls?arg=QmbKu58pyq3WRgWNDv9Zat39QzB7jpzgZ2iSzaXjwas4MB"
得到结果：
{
"Objects":[
{
"Hash":"bafybeigsn4u4nv4uyskxhewakk5m2j2lluzhsbsayp76zh7nbqznrxwm7e",
"Links":[
{
"Name":"categories",
"Hash":"QmWs7KxQFETtzxvVqgPdBD3XodKZ8bCbwfveSJ1wpiChDp",
"Size":0,
"Type":1, // 这个 Type 就是对应了下面的 文件夹
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"css",
"Hash":"QmNTP17BS7AEHn4TuiyKYtKq1StCMxxXRSt4gpiTdyuHRB",
"Size":0,
"Type":1,
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"feed.xml",
"Hash":"QmZtRErKnWkENDUUx6raBHteNfwm4NMyBpYGkzbpx2f92C",
"Size":26633,
"Type":2,
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"general",
"Hash":"QmanyNmB6wGyiJzqSgFqtA7baHqkWyR7FWKy4oh8K6usD7",
"Size":0,
"Type":1,
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"images",
"Hash":"QmUukvFKSdC867HJpgdiNiS9nWEvnJ2RAsjHKGJGzU6wYp",
"Size":0,
"Type":1,
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"index.html",
"Hash":"QmQvB7Y3LkjWLdKEfT8ojLeKhLpfwV4NPNDrGGvnzMjedE",
"Size":23258,
"Type":2,
"Target":""
},
{
"Name":"scripts",
"Hash":"QmRyoGE1B1NvhqKX6Vjs7dH7skDd85hgoKoSDFYMhVSn4D",
"Size":0,
"Type":1,
"Target":""
}
]
}
]
}
Type 的含义：
enum DataType {
Raw = 0;
Directory = 1;
File = 2;
Metadata = 3;
Symlink = 4;
HAMTShard = 5;
}